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  • Sehri & Iftar Time Table for Ramadan 2026
    Z zarry

    Sehri & Iftar Time Table for Ramadan 2026

    Ramadan Date Day Sehr Iftar Duration
    1 19 Feb Thu 5:20am 5:53pm 12 hrs, 33 mins
    2 20 Fri 5:19am 5:53pm 12 hrs, 34 mins
    3 21 Sat 5:18am 5:54pm 12 hrs, 36 mins
    4 22 Sun 5:17am 5:55pm 12 hrs, 38 mins
    5 23 Mon 5:16am 5:56pm 12 hrs, 40 mins
    6 24 Tue 5:15am 5:57pm 12 hrs, 42 mins
    7 25 Wed 5:14am 5:58pm 12 hrs, 44 mins
    8 26 Thu 5:13am 5:58pm 12 hrs, 45 mins
    9 27 Fri 5:12am 5:59pm 12 hrs, 47 mins
    10 28 Sat 5:11am 6:00pm 12 hrs, 49 mins
    11 01 Mar Sun 5:10am 6:01pm 12 hrs, 51 mins
    12 02 Mon 5:09am 6:01pm 12 hrs, 52 mins
    13 03 Tue 5:08am 6:02pm 12 hrs, 54 mins
    14 04 Wed 5:06am 6:03pm 12 hrs, 57 mins
    15 05 Thu 5:05am 6:04pm 12 hrs, 59 mins
    16 06 Fri 5:04am 6:04pm 13 hrs, 0 mins
    17 07 Sat 5:03am 6:05pm 13 hrs, 2 mins
    18 08 Sun 5:02am 6:06pm 13 hrs, 4 mins
    19 09 Mon 5:00am 6:07pm 13 hrs, 7 mins
    20 10 Tue 4:59am 6:07pm 13 hrs, 8 mins
    21 11 Wed 4:58am 6:08pm 13 hrs, 10 mins
    22 12 Thu 4:57am 6:09pm 13 hrs, 12 mins
    23 13 Fri 4:55am 6:10pm 13 hrs, 15 mins
    24 14 Sat 4:54am 6:10pm 13 hrs, 16 mins
    25 15 Sun 4:53am 6:11pm 13 hrs, 18 mins
    26 16 Mon 4:51am 6:12pm 13 hrs, 21 mins
    27 17 Tue 4:50am 6:12pm 13 hrs, 22 mins
    28 18 Wed 4:49am 6:13pm 13 hrs, 24 mins
    29 19 Thu 4:47am 6:14pm 13 hrs, 27 mins
    30 20 Fri 4:46am 6:15pm 13 hrs, 29 mins
    Fasting Time Calculator pakistan sehri iftari time karachi sehri iftari time lahore sehri iftari time islamabad sehri iftari time rawalpindi sehri iftari time faisalabad sehri iftari time multan sehri iftari time gujranwala sehri iftari time sialkot sehri iftari time

  • Air Punjab: Punjab’s Provincial Airline Vision and the Jet Purchase Controversy
    zareenZ zareen

    Here’s a comprehensive article on Air Punjab, the recent controversy over the government’s aircraft purchase, and the criticism and legal/ political backlash facing the Punjab Chief Minister:

    ⸻

    Air Punjab: Punjab’s Provincial Airline Vision and the Jet Purchase Controversy

    What Is Air Punjab?

    Air Punjab is a new flagship airline initiative by the Government of Punjab aimed at creating a provincially-owned airline serving domestic—and, in future phases, international—air travel. The project was officially approved by Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz Sharif in 2025 as part of wider plans to improve connectivity and transportation infrastructure in the province. Initial phases include leasing several aircraft to start domestic operations, with international routes expected later. 

    Officials say the airline will operate initially with a small fleet with phased expansion, and some provincial assets such as helicopters may be integrated into its operations. 

    ⸻

    The New Jet Purchase: What Happened?

    In February 2026, reports emerged that the Punjab government had acquired a luxury business jet — a Gulfstream GVII-G500 — valued at around Rs10 billion (approximately $38–42 million). 

    The aircraft, identified with U.S. registration N144S, is a modern executive jet typically used by heads of state and major corporations. Although not yet registered in Pakistan at the time of reporting, flight tracking data showed the jet making regional flights and using VIP call signs linked to provincial officials. 

    Punjab Information Minister Azma Bokhari defended the acquisition, stating the jet is intended to be part of the Air Punjab fleet, and not a personal plane for any individual. She said the government plans to build a diverse fleet by purchasing some aircraft and leasing others, and will provide full details when finalized. 

    ⸻

    Public and Political Criticism

    Despite official explanations, the jet purchase sparked intense criticism, both online and from opposition leaders:

    1. Misplaced Priorities Amid Economic Hardship

    Critics argue that buying a luxury jet in a time of economic strain, high inflation, and rising poverty reflects a misallocation of public funds. Many social media users expressed outrage that taxpayer money should instead be spent on essential services like education, healthcare, and poverty alleviation rather than on VIP transport. 

    1. Political Opposition Voices

    Senior opposition figures amplified the backlash:
    • Miftah Ismail, former federal finance minister, criticized the purchase as an unnecessary extravagance, noting the contrast between austerity measures and luxury spending. 
    • Mohammad Zubair, former governor of Sindh, labeled the aircraft a “beautiful plane worth more than 1,000 crore” and questioned whether Pakistan, with nearly half its population living below the poverty line, can justify such spending. 

    1. Silence and Transparency Issues

    Reports noted that the acquisition became public not through formal announcements, but from open-source aviation tracking and a pilot job advertisement — leading to criticism about lack of transparency in what is a major government expenditure. 

    1. Provincial Rivalries

    Political leaders from other provinces, such as representatives from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, also criticized the move, contrasting it with their own budget challenges and questioning Punjab’s decision while ordinary citizens face hardship. 

    ⸻

    Government Response and Justifications

    The Punjab government has sought to frame the jet purchase within a broader strategy of provincial autonomy and improved administrative efficiency. Officials argue that having dedicated provincial aircraft will reduce reliance on federal government assets or the Pakistan Air Force for official travel.

    In public comments, authorities stressed that the plane is a government asset, intended to serve institutional needs rather than personal use, and that it forms part of future Air Punjab operations. 

    ⸻

    Where Things Stand Now

    The controversy remains unresolved:
    • The jet’s exact procurement details, including financing and formal approval records, have not been fully disclosed publicly.
    • Debate continues over the merits of the Air Punjab project and the priorities of provincial spending.
    • While some residents and commentators see Air Punjab as an innovative leap in domestic air travel, others view the luxury purchase as symbolic of government disconnect from pressing public needs.

    ⸻

    Conclusion: A Test of Public Accountability

    The Air Punjab jet row illustrates a broader tension in Pakistani politics and governance: balancing ambitious development projects with fiscal responsibility and public perception. As the province moves forward with a new airline initiative, how officials address accountability and communicate spending decisions may be just as important as the infrastructure developments themselves.

    ⸻

    If you’d like, I can tailor this article for publication or editorial tone — for example, as a news analysis, opinion piece, or investigative report

    General Discussion air punjab punjab airline cm punjab announced air punjab what is air punjab air punjab drama

  • Lahore mein aaj sehri ka time kya hai 2026?
    zaasmiZ zaasmi

    ⸻

    🌙 Ramadan 2026 – 30 Days Sehri & Iftari Timetable

    🇵🇰 Pakistan + 🌍 World Major Cities

    ⸻

    🇵🇰 Pakistan (Reference Cities)

    📍 Lahore

    Day Date Sehri Ends Iftari
    1 Feb 19 5:19 AM 5:54 PM
    10 Feb 28 5:10 AM 6:02 PM
    20 Mar 10 4:59 AM 6:12 PM
    30 Mar 20 4:49 AM 6:22 PM

    ⸻

    📍 Karachi

    Day Date Sehri Ends Iftari
    1 Feb 19 5:47 AM 6:28 PM
    10 Feb 28 5:38 AM 6:35 PM
    20 Mar 10 5:27 AM 6:44 PM
    30 Mar 20 5:17 AM 6:53 PM

    ⸻

    📍 Islamabad

    Day Date Sehri Ends Iftari
    1 Feb 19 5:25 AM 5:56 PM
    10 Feb 28 5:16 AM 6:04 PM
    20 Mar 10 5:05 AM 6:14 PM
    30 Mar 20 4:55 AM 6:24 PM

    ⸻

    🌍 World Major Cities

    🕋 Makkah

    Day Sehri Ends Iftari
    1 5:10 AM 6:30 PM
    15 4:58 AM 6:38 PM
    30 4:45 AM 6:47 PM

    ⸻

    🌆 Dubai

    Day Sehri Ends Iftari
    1 5:05 AM 6:40 PM
    15 4:53 AM 6:48 PM
    30 4:40 AM 6:57 PM

    ⸻

    🇬🇧 London

    Day Sehri Ends Iftari
    1 4:20 AM 5:45 PM
    15 3:58 AM 6:10 PM
    30 3:35 AM 6:40 PM

    ⸻

    🇺🇸 New York

    Day Sehri Ends Iftari
    1 5:10 AM 5:40 PM
    15 4:55 AM 6:05 PM
    30 4:40 AM 6:30 PM

    ⸻

    📌 Important Notes
    • Sehri ends at Fajr, Iftari starts at Maghrib
    • Ramadan may be 29 or 30 days
    • Always follow local mosque announcements
    • Europe & North America have longer fasts

    ⸻

    Fasting Time Calculator pakistan sehri iftari time karachi sehri iftari time islamabad sehri iftari time lahore sehri iftari time rawalpindi sehri iftari time faisalabad sehri iftari time multan sehri iftari time gujranwala sehri iftari time sialkot sehri iftari time sargodha sehri iftari time sheikhupura sehri iftari time jhelum sehri iftari time gujrat sehri iftari time mandi bahauddin sehri iftari t hafizabad sehri iftari time okara sehri iftari time kasur sehri iftari time bahawalpur sehri iftari time bahawalnagar sehri iftari time rahim yar khan sehri iftari ti dera ghazi khan sehri iftari t khanewal sehri iftari time vehari sehri iftari time lodhran sehri iftari time pakpattan sehri iftari time attock sehri iftari time chakwal sehri iftari time taxila sehri iftari time wah cantt sehri iftari time peshawar sehri iftari time mardan sehri iftari time abbottabad sehri iftari time haripur sehri iftari time swat sehri iftari time mingora sehri iftari time nowshera sehri iftari time charsadda sehri iftari time kohat sehri iftari time bannu sehri iftari time mansehra sehri iftari time dera ismail khan sehri iftari battagram sehri iftari time quetta sehri iftari time

  • Lahore mein aaj sehri ka time kya hai 2026?
    cyberianC cyberian

    Here is a 30-day Sehri and Iftari timetable for Ramadan 2026 (expected Ramadan: Feb 18/19 – Mar 19/20, 2026) based on general patterns for Pakistan cities (example: Islamabad/Lahore pattern). Islamic authorities confirm Ramadan 2026 begins around February 19, 2026 in Pakistan after crescent moon sighting. 

    ⸻

    🗓️ Ramadan 2026 Sehri & Iftari Timetable — Pakistan (General)

    Day Date (2026) Sehri Ends (Approx) Iftari (Approx)
    1 Feb 19 05:30 AM 06:00 PM
    2 Feb 20 05:29 AM 06:01 PM
    3 Feb 21 05:28 AM 06:02 PM
    4 Feb 22 05:27 AM 06:03 PM
    5 Feb 23 05:26 AM 06:04 PM
    6 Feb 24 05:25 AM 06:05 PM
    7 Feb 25 05:24 AM 06:06 PM
    8 Feb 26 05:23 AM 06:07 PM
    9 Feb 27 05:22 AM 06:08 PM
    10 Feb 28 05:21 AM 06:09 PM
    11 Mar 1 05:20 AM 06:10 PM
    12 Mar 2 05:19 AM 06:11 PM
    13 Mar 3 05:18 AM 06:12 PM
    14 Mar 4 05:17 AM 06:13 PM
    15 Mar 5 05:16 AM 06:14 PM
    16 Mar 6 05:15 AM 06:15 PM
    17 Mar 7 05:14 AM 06:16 PM
    18 Mar 8 05:13 AM 06:17 PM
    19 Mar 9 05:12 AM 06:18 PM
    20 Mar 10 05:11 AM 06:19 PM
    21 Mar 11 05:10 AM 06:20 PM
    22 Mar 12 05:09 AM 06:21 PM
    23 Mar 13 05:08 AM 06:22 PM
    24 Mar 14 05:07 AM 06:23 PM
    25 Mar 15 05:06 AM 06:24 PM
    26 Mar 16 05:05 AM 06:25 PM
    27 Mar 17 05:04 AM 06:26 PM
    28 Mar 18 05:03 AM 06:27 PM
    29 Mar 19 05:02 AM 06:28 PM
    30 * Mar 20* 05:01 AM 06:29 PM

    *Day 30 depends on moon sighting; if Ramadan is 29 days only, last fast will be on Mar 19. 

    ⸻

    📌 Notes About This Timetable

    ✔ Sehri ends just at Fajr time — eating must stop before this time. 
    ✔ Iftari begins exactly at Maghrib (sunset). 
    ✔ Timings consider average pattern — exact times vary slightly by city. 

    ⸻

    🏙️ Example City Adjustments

    Below are representative city timings for Day 1 (Feb 19, 2026):

    City Sehri Iftar
    Lahore ~05:19 AM ~05:54 PM
    Islamabad ~05:25 AM ~05:56 PM
    Karachi ~05:47 AM ~06:28 PM
    Faisalabad ~05:24 AM ~05:58 PM
    Peshawar ~05:31 AM ~06:01 PM
    Quetta ~05:55 AM ~06:32 PM

    (City timings can vary by a few minutes throughout Ramadan.) 

    ⸻

    📍 Tips for Observing Sehri & Iftari

    ✅ Stop eating a few minutes before official Sehri end to avoid mistake. 
    ✅ Use local mosque or prayer app timings for precise daily changes. 
    ✅ Timetable may differ for different fiqh schools (e.g., Jafria). 

    ⸻

    🕌 Start & End of Ramadan 2026 (Pakistan)

    🌙 Expected first fast: Feb 19, 2026 (moon sighting dependent)
    🌙 Expected last fast: Mar 19 or 20, 2026 (depending on crescent sighting) 

    ⸻

    If you want, I can also prepare this:
    ✨ City-specific 30-day PDF timetable
    ✨ Urdu version of this calendar
    ✨ Timetable for world major cities (e.g., London, NYC, Dubai)

    Just let me know! 👍

    Fasting Time Calculator pakistan sehri iftari time karachi sehri iftari time islamabad sehri iftari time lahore sehri iftari time rawalpindi sehri iftari time faisalabad sehri iftari time multan sehri iftari time gujranwala sehri iftari time sialkot sehri iftari time sargodha sehri iftari time sheikhupura sehri iftari time jhelum sehri iftari time gujrat sehri iftari time mandi bahauddin sehri iftari t hafizabad sehri iftari time okara sehri iftari time kasur sehri iftari time bahawalpur sehri iftari time bahawalnagar sehri iftari time rahim yar khan sehri iftari ti dera ghazi khan sehri iftari t khanewal sehri iftari time vehari sehri iftari time lodhran sehri iftari time pakpattan sehri iftari time attock sehri iftari time chakwal sehri iftari time taxila sehri iftari time wah cantt sehri iftari time peshawar sehri iftari time mardan sehri iftari time abbottabad sehri iftari time haripur sehri iftari time swat sehri iftari time mingora sehri iftari time nowshera sehri iftari time charsadda sehri iftari time kohat sehri iftari time bannu sehri iftari time mansehra sehri iftari time dera ismail khan sehri iftari battagram sehri iftari time quetta sehri iftari time

  • Lahore mein aaj sehri ka time kya hai 2026?
    cyberianC cyberian

    Below is a city-wise Sehri & Iftari timing layout you can directly use on a website, app, or article.
    ⚠️ Times are approximate and vary daily during Ramadan. Always confirm with your local Roza timetable or mosque.

    ⸻

    🇵🇰 City-Wise Sehri & Iftari Timings – Pakistan

    📍 Punjab

    City Sehri Ends (Approx) Iftari (Approx)
    Lahore 4:45 AM 6:05 PM
    Rawalpindi 4:40 AM 6:08 PM
    Gujranwala 4:43 AM 6:06 PM
    Faisalabad 4:48 AM 6:02 PM
    Multan 4:55 AM 5:58 PM

    ⸻

    📍 Sindh

    City Sehri Ends Iftari
    Karachi 5:00 AM 6:35 PM
    Hyderabad 4:58 AM 6:32 PM
    Sukkur 4:55 AM 6:20 PM

    ⸻

    📍 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

    City Sehri Ends Iftari
    Peshawar 4:38 AM 6:12 PM
    Mardan 4:37 AM 6:13 PM
    Abbottabad 4:35 AM 6:15 PM

    ⸻

    📍 Balochistan

    City Sehri Ends Iftari
    Quetta 4:50 AM 6:25 PM
    Gwadar 5:05 AM 6:45 PM

    ⸻

    📍 Islamabad Capital

    City Sehri Ends Iftari
    Islamabad 4:40 AM 6:10 PM

    ⸻

    🌍 (Optional) International City Comparison

    City Country Sehri Ends Iftari
    Makkah Saudi Arabia 5:10 AM 6:30 PM
    Dubai UAE 5:05 AM 6:40 PM
    London UK 4:20 AM 7:50 PM

    ⸻

    📌 Important Notes
    • Timings change daily during Ramadan
    • Difference of 1–5 minutes between nearby cities is normal
    • Always follow local mosque announcements

    ⸻

    Fasting Time Calculator pakistan sehri iftari time karachi sehri iftari time islamabad sehri iftari time lahore sehri iftari time rawalpindi sehri iftari time faisalabad sehri iftari time multan sehri iftari time gujranwala sehri iftari time sialkot sehri iftari time sargodha sehri iftari time sheikhupura sehri iftari time jhelum sehri iftari time gujrat sehri iftari time mandi bahauddin sehri iftari t hafizabad sehri iftari time okara sehri iftari time kasur sehri iftari time bahawalpur sehri iftari time bahawalnagar sehri iftari time rahim yar khan sehri iftari ti dera ghazi khan sehri iftari t khanewal sehri iftari time vehari sehri iftari time lodhran sehri iftari time pakpattan sehri iftari time attock sehri iftari time chakwal sehri iftari time taxila sehri iftari time wah cantt sehri iftari time peshawar sehri iftari time mardan sehri iftari time abbottabad sehri iftari time haripur sehri iftari time swat sehri iftari time mingora sehri iftari time nowshera sehri iftari time charsadda sehri iftari time kohat sehri iftari time bannu sehri iftari time mansehra sehri iftari time dera ismail khan sehri iftari battagram sehri iftari time quetta sehri iftari time

  • Lahore mein aaj sehri ka time kya hai 2026?
    cyberianC cyberian

    @Lovely-queen said in Lahore mein aaj sehri ka time kya hai?:

    Lahore mein aaj sehri ka time kya hai? Other cities of Pakistan different

    ⸻

    🌙 Sehri & Iftari Times in Pakistan and Around the World

    During the holy month of Ramadan, Muslims begin their fast at Sehri (Suhoor) before Fajr prayer and break it at Iftari after Maghrib prayer. Because prayer times depend on sunrise and sunset, Sehri and Iftari times vary by city and country.

    ⸻

    🇵🇰 Sehri & Iftari Times in Major Cities of Pakistan

    In Pakistan, timings change slightly from city to city due to geographic location. Below are approximate trends (exact times should always be confirmed from local prayer calendars or mosques).

    📍 Major Cities
    • Karachi
    Sehri ends earlier, and Iftari is slightly earlier compared to northern cities.
    • Lahore
    Moderate timing; usually 2–3 minutes later than Karachi.
    • Islamabad
    Sehri ends later and Iftari is later due to northern latitude.
    • Rawalpindi
    Very close to Islamabad timings.
    • Peshawar
    Similar to Islamabad but can vary by 1–2 minutes.
    • Quetta
    Sehri and Iftari are generally later than most Pakistani cities.

    📌 Important: Even within Pakistan, timings may differ by 1–5 minutes, so always follow your local Roza timetable.

    ⸻

    🌍 Sehri & Iftari Times Around the World

    Globally, fasting hours vary greatly depending on latitude and season.

    🌐 Middle East
    • Makkah & Madinah
    Balanced fasting hours; very consistent timings.
    • Dubai
    Slightly shorter fasts compared to South Asia.

    🌐 South Asia
    • Delhi, Dhaka
    Similar fasting duration to Pakistan, with minor differences.

    🌐 Europe
    • London, Paris
    Long fasting hours (up to 17–18 hours in some years).

    🌐 North America
    • New York, Toronto
    Long fasts, especially in late spring and summer.

    🌐 Extreme Regions
    • Oslo, Stockholm
    Very long daylight; many scholars allow following Makkah timings or the nearest moderate city.

    ⸻

    ⏰ Why Sehri & Iftari Times Differ
    • Earth’s rotation and tilt
    • Latitude & longitude
    • Season in which Ramadan falls
    • Local prayer calculation methods

    ⸻

    📖 Religious Guidance

    Islam encourages ease. In regions with extremely long or short days, scholars permit:
    • Following Makkah time
    • Following the nearest balanced country
    • Following a fixed fasting duration

    ⸻

    ✅ Final Advice
    • Always check official Ramadan calendars
    • Follow announcements from local mosques
    • Use trusted Islamic apps or government-issued timetables

    ⸻

    If you want, I can also:
    • Create a city-wise Sehri & Iftari table
    • Write this as a news article or blog post
    • Add SEO keywords for Pakistan & global audience
    • Convert it into Urdu or bilingual (Urdu + English)

    Just tell me 👍

    Fasting Time Calculator pakistan sehri iftari time karachi sehri iftari time islamabad sehri iftari time lahore sehri iftari time rawalpindi sehri iftari time faisalabad sehri iftari time multan sehri iftari time gujranwala sehri iftari time sialkot sehri iftari time sargodha sehri iftari time sheikhupura sehri iftari time jhelum sehri iftari time gujrat sehri iftari time mandi bahauddin sehri iftari t hafizabad sehri iftari time okara sehri iftari time kasur sehri iftari time bahawalpur sehri iftari time bahawalnagar sehri iftari time rahim yar khan sehri iftari ti dera ghazi khan sehri iftari t khanewal sehri iftari time vehari sehri iftari time lodhran sehri iftari time pakpattan sehri iftari time attock sehri iftari time chakwal sehri iftari time taxila sehri iftari time wah cantt sehri iftari time peshawar sehri iftari time mardan sehri iftari time abbottabad sehri iftari time haripur sehri iftari time swat sehri iftari time mingora sehri iftari time nowshera sehri iftari time charsadda sehri iftari time kohat sehri iftari time bannu sehri iftari time mansehra sehri iftari time dera ismail khan sehri iftari battagram sehri iftari time quetta sehri iftari time

  • Lahore mein aaj sehri ka time kya hai 2026?
    Lovely queenL Lovely queen

    Lahore mein aaj sehri ka time kya hai? Other cities of Pakistan different

    Fasting Time Calculator pakistan sehri iftari time karachi sehri iftari time islamabad sehri iftari time lahore sehri iftari time rawalpindi sehri iftari time faisalabad sehri iftari time multan sehri iftari time gujranwala sehri iftari time sialkot sehri iftari time sargodha sehri iftari time sheikhupura sehri iftari time jhelum sehri iftari time gujrat sehri iftari time mandi bahauddin sehri iftari t hafizabad sehri iftari time okara sehri iftari time kasur sehri iftari time bahawalpur sehri iftari time bahawalnagar sehri iftari time rahim yar khan sehri iftari ti dera ghazi khan sehri iftari t khanewal sehri iftari time vehari sehri iftari time lodhran sehri iftari time pakpattan sehri iftari time attock sehri iftari time chakwal sehri iftari time taxila sehri iftari time wah cantt sehri iftari time peshawar sehri iftari time mardan sehri iftari time abbottabad sehri iftari time haripur sehri iftari time swat sehri iftari time mingora sehri iftari time nowshera sehri iftari time charsadda sehri iftari time kohat sehri iftari time bannu sehri iftari time mansehra sehri iftari time dera ismail khan sehri iftari battagram sehri iftari time quetta sehri iftari time

  • 📡 Technical Breakdown: The Pre-Launch Communication Link
    nazirkhan engineerN nazirkhan engineer

    @Ehsan-Malik said in 📡 Technical Breakdown: The Pre-Launch Communication Link:

    From SUPARCO to the Stars: The Life and Legacy of Pakistan’s Satellite Fleet

    From SUPARCO to the Stars: The Life and Legacy of Pakistan’s Satellite Fleet

    Published: February 2026

    Category: Aerospace & Technology

    Reading Time: 8 Minutes

    The successful launch of the PRSC-EO2 on February 12, 2026, marks another milestone in the “all-weather” friendship between Pakistan and China. But what does it actually take to get a satellite from a lab in Islamabad to a stable orbit 36,000 km above the Earth?

    In this article, we explore the high-stakes journey of a Pakistani satellite—from its birth to its final “retirement” in the graveyard orbit.


    🏗️ Phase 1: The Logistics of Sovereignty

    Before a satellite reaches the launch pad at Xichang or Jiuquan, it undergoes a rigorous “Transit Campaign.”

    • Clean Room Certification: Satellites are tested for “vibration” (to survive the rocket) and “thermal vacuum” (to survive space).
    • The Secure Transfer: High-value hardware is transported via chartered cargo aircraft in nitrogen-purged containers. This bypasses standard customs to ensure the technology remains secure and pristine.
    • The Chinese Handshake: Upon arrival, Pakistani engineers from SUPARCO and Chinese teams from CGWIC conduct “aliveness tests” to confirm no damage occurred during flight.

    🚀 Phase 2: The Ascent and “First Breath”

    Once encapsulated in the fairing of a Long March rocket, the satellite enters the most dangerous minutes of its life.

    1. Separation: At the target altitude, pyrotechnic bolts release the satellite.
    2. Detumbling: Small thrusters fire immediately to stop the satellite from spinning.
    3. Solar Deployment: Like wings, the Multi-Junction solar arrays unfurl. These advanced panels are over 30% efficient, converting sunlight into high-voltage electricity to power the onboard systems.

    ⚡ Phase 3: The Engine Room (Chemical vs. Electric)

    Modern Pakistani satellites, such as the PakSat-MM1, utilize a “Hybrid” propulsion strategy to maximize their lifespan.

    • Chemical Thrust: Used for the initial “heavy lifting” to reach the correct orbital slot.
    • Electric Propulsion (EP): Once in place, Ion or Hall Thrusters take over. These use solar energy to accelerate Xenon gas at speeds up to 40,000 m/s. While the thrust is gentle, it is incredibly efficient, allowing satellites to stay operational for 15–20 years.

    🪦 Phase 4: The Final Goodbye (The Graveyard Orbit)

    Pakistan adheres to international “Space Ethics.” When a satellite reaches the end of its life, it isn’t left to drift in active lanes.

    • The 300km Boost: Using its final drops of fuel, the satellite climbs to a Graveyard Orbit safely above the active Geostationary belt.
    • Passivation: Engineers drain the batteries and vent the tanks to prevent accidental explosions, leaving the satellite as a silent, safe monument in the stars.

    📊 Quick Reference: The Evolution of the Fleet

    Mission Launch Date Purpose Tech Highlight
    PakSat-1R 2011 Communication First major GEO collab
    PRSS-1 2018 Remote Sensing Dual-satellite launch
    PakSat-MM1 2024 Broadband Hybrid Propulsion
    PRSC-EO2 2026 Earth Observation Sea-based Launch

    ❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

    Who controls the satellite? > While China provides the launch vehicle, the “steering wheel” belongs to Pakistan. Ground stations in Karachi and Islamabad manage daily operations.
    What is the “25-Year Rule”? > For Low-Earth Orbit satellites, they must be designed to burn up in the atmosphere within 25 years of their mission ending to keep space clean.


    Looking Forward

    As SUPARCO looks toward Vision 2047, the collaboration with China remains the backbone of Pakistan’s presence in the final frontier. From the sea-borne launches of 2026 to future lunar exploration, the journey is only just beginning.


    Star Pakistan suparco paksat-mm1 launch icube-qamar satellite transfer process long march rocket space technology collaboration pak remote sensing satellite suparco vision 2047

  • 📡 Technical Breakdown: The Pre-Launch Communication Link
    Ehsan MalikE Ehsan Malik

    From SUPARCO to the Stars: The Life and Legacy of Pakistan’s Satellite Fleet

    Star Pakistan suparco paksat-mm1 launch icube-qamar satellite transfer process long march rocket space technology collaboration pak remote sensing satellite suparco vision 2047

  • 📡 Technical Breakdown: The Pre-Launch Communication Link
    zaasmiZ zaasmi

    said in 📡 Technical Breakdown: The Pre-Launch Communication Link:

    Would you like to summarize this entire “Satellite Journey”—from the factory in China to the Graveyard Orbit—into a single infographic-style timeline for your article?

    To wrap up our exploration, let’s visualize the entire journey of a Pakistani satellite. This “Cradle-to-Grave” timeline summarizes the collaboration between SUPARCO and China, from the initial blueprints to the final drift in the graveyard orbit.


    🛰️ Infographic: The Lifecycle of a Pakistani Satellite

    Phase 1: Birth & Earthbound Journey

    • Design (Years 1-3): SUPARCO engineers collaborate with Chinese specialists to design the payload (cameras/transponders) and the bus (the satellite body).
    • Assembly & Testing: The satellite is built in a sterile “Clean Room.” It undergoes “Shake & Bake” tests to simulate the violence of a rocket launch.
    • The Transfer: The satellite is placed in a nitrogen-purged container and flown via specialized cargo jet from Pakistan to a Chinese launch hub (Xichang, Jiuquan, or Hainan).

    Phase 2: The Ascent

    • Integration: In China, the satellite is mated to a Long March rocket.
    • Launch: Ignition! The rocket carries the satellite through the atmosphere.
    • Separation: At the correct altitude, the satellite is “pushed” away from the rocket stage.
    • First Breath: The satellite unfurls its solar arrays and sends its first “heartbeat” signal back to ground stations in Karachi and Islamabad.

    Phase 3: Operational Life (The “Prime” Years)

    • IOT (In-Orbit Testing): For the first 2 months, every system is checked.
    • Utilization (Years 1-15): The satellite performs its mission—providing 5G internet, monitoring floods, or aiding national security.
    • Station Keeping: Small electric or chemical thrusters fire regularly to keep the satellite from drifting out of its “parking spot.”

    Phase 4: Retirement (The Graveyard)

    • End-of-Life Maneuver: With the last 1% of its fuel, the satellite is commanded to climb 300 km higher than its working orbit.
    • Passivation: All remaining energy is drained, and fuel tanks are vented to prevent accidental explosions.
    • The Eternal Drift: The satellite becomes a permanent, silent part of the “Graveyard Orbit,” ensuring the active space lanes remain clear for the next generation of Pakistani satellites.

    Summary Table: The Evolution of Pakistan’s Fleet

    Satellite Era Key Technology Launch Partner Final Status
    Badr Series (1990s) Basic Radio China / Russia Re-entered Atmosphere
    PakSat-1R (2011) Digital Comm. China (Xichang) Active / Approaching EOL
    PRSS-1 (2018) High-Res Imaging China (Jiuquan) Active
    PRSC-EO2 (2026) Advanced EO China (Sea-Launch) Just Launched

    Star Pakistan suparco paksat-mm1 launch icube-qamar satellite transfer process long march rocket space technology collaboration pak remote sensing satellite suparco vision 2047

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