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    zareenZ
    @zareen said in ENG509 Assignment 2 Solution and Discussion: Q2. While analyzing a sentence, we should try to identify and isolate as many phrases as we can. These phrases or constituents fall into various grammatical categories and therefore they are named after their relevant grammatical class. Read and listen to topics 153-161 and write down the different types of phrases discussed in your course. Also, provide one example against each phrase. (5*2=10 Marks) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QTivdanD3dQ&list=PLYxrIScRo55l9bhKQfm7RLAcUEZ9tQbh_
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    zareenZ
    Solution of Graded Activity for Pre Mid Lecture # 9 Q1: What will be cost of equity if a company has paid a dividend of Rs. 4 at constant growth rate of 4% while stock’s current price is Rs. 60? ke = ( D1 / P0 ) + g Where D1 (Expected div.)= D0 (1+g) ke = (4*1.04/60)+0.04 ke = 0.0693 + 0.04 ke = 0.1093 or 10.93% Lecture # 12 Q2: Output level is 8,000 units with variable cost of Rs. 6 per unit and total fixed cost Rs. 60,000. If sale price is Rs. 9 per unit then what will be the profit / loss? Total cost = Total FC + Total VC Total cost = 60,000 + (6*8,000) Total cost = 60,000 + 48,000 = Rs. 108,000 Total revenue = Sale price * Output level Total revenue = 9 * 8,000 = Rs. 72,000 Profit / loss = Total revenue – total cost = 72,000 – 108,000 = Rs. -36,000 There is a loss of Rs. 36,000 Lecture # 14 Q3. Suppose a portfolio consists of three projects A, B & C where each project requires an initial investment of Rs. 65,000. If present value of cash flows of projects A, B & C is Rs. 80,000, Rs. 73,000 and Rs. 82,000 then what will be ranking of each project based upon profitability index criterion? Projects Initial Investment (Rs.) PV of cash flows (Rs.) PI = (PV/Initial Investment) Ranking A 65,000 80,000 1.23 2 B 65,000 73,000 1.12 3 C 65,000 82,000 1.26 1 Lecture # 15 Q4: There are two states of economy, Boom & Recession. Probability of occurrence of Boom is 45% while Recession is 55%. Suppose stock A expected return in Boom (state of economy) is 12% while in Recession is 7%. Stock B expected return in Boom (state of economy) is 20% while in Recession is 3%. If an investor invests 70% in stock A and 30% in stock B then what is the total expected return of the portfolio? Total Expected return (Stock A) = 0.120.45 + 0.070.55 Total Expected return (Stock A) = 5.4% + 3.85% = 9.25% Total Expected return (Stock B) = 0.200.45 + 0.030.55 Total Expected return (Stock B) = 9% + 1.65% = 10.65% Total Expected Return (portfolio) = 0.70 * 0.0925 + 0.30*0.1065 Total Expected Return (portfolio) = 0.06475 + 0.03195 = 0.0967 or 9.67% Lecture # 18: Q5: A capital structure consists of 10% preferred stock, 55% common equity and 40% debt. Company’s preferred stock is currently selling for Rs. 55 per share and paying dividend of Rs. 4. If cost of common equity is 15% and after tax cost of debt is 6% then what will be WACC? Cost of preferred stock (Kps) = D / P Kps = 4/55 = 7.27% WACC=Wce * Kce + Wps * Kps + Wd Kd (1-T) WACC= 0.550.15 + 0.100.0727+ 0.400.06 WACC= 0.0825 + 0.00727+ 0.024 = 0.1138 or 11.38% Note: A solution with weightage of 5% of preferred stock will also be considered correct WACC=Wce * Kce + Wps * Kps + Wd Kd (1-T) WACC= 0.550.15 + 0.0.050.0727+ 0.40*0.06 WACC= 0.0825 + 0.003635+ 0.024 = 0.1101 or 11.01%
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    zareenZ
    Solution: There is no specific solution to complete this assignment. However, a specimen is provided. Q1. Marks: 20 a) What sort of difficulties do they face? Students are required to report some problems faced by the workers working in a steel factory. For example, load shedding, lengthy working hours, high temperature, heavy noise and etc. b) ConsideringthemonthofJuly,doyouthinktheirworkperformancewillbeaffected due to high temperature? Justify. Students are required to either agree or disagree if the work performance of the workers will be affected by the high temperature. For example, the work performance of the workers will obviously be affected. Humans can bear a certain temperature. Temperature during the month of July is already very high and workers working in a steel factory will have to bear extra heat as well. The total heat combined will affect their health both physically and mentally and in turn, their work performance as well. c) Considering the noise produced by heavy machinery inside, do you think their work performance will be affected? Justify. Students are required to either agree or disagree if the work performance of the workers will be affected by heavy noise. For example, the work performance of the workers will obviously be affected. Humans can bear a certain level of noise. Noise in a factory is very high, even capable of damaging the hearing capacity of an individual. Their work performance would obviously be affected since they will be facing such a high intensity level of sound. High level of sound is bad for the humans not just physically but mentally as well. d) Suggest a way to enhance their work performance keeping in the view the arousals of noise and temperature. Students are required to suggest some solution for enhancing the work performance of the workers considering the arousals of noise and temperature. For example, increasing awareness of the effects of noise and temperature and asking the manager of the factory to provide them with appropriate clothes and noise-cancelling equipment.
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    zareenZ
    Solution: a) Explain Vertical, Flat, Virtual and Learning organization. (4*3=12) i. Vertical Organization Vertical organization is based on strict hierarchical structure where all activities are monitored, controlled and command by higher management or owner. The power in such organizations is transmitted from top to the bottom. All well-defined decisions and commands are made by higher authority and moved step by step from top to bottom and people at the bottom have least or no power and autonomy. Each individual in such organization is supervised and monitor by the person above his/her position. Employees are well aware of their duties and roles while working in organization. ii. Flat Organization Flat organizational is also known as horizontal organization. This organizational structure has few or no layers of intervening authorities and is based on employee-centred approach. Employees have autonomy to take decision and to share their ideas openly with owners or managers in order to remove barriers between executive and staff. They are well-trained and empowered to bring novelty. Many organizations preferred to choose this structure due to simplified structure. Team work and collaboration between employees is encouraged. iii. Virtual Organization Virtual organization is based on flexible network where employees interact with each other via telecommunication and do not actually meet in person. Such organizations have no geographical location and independent entities are linked by technology. Members are often join together temporarily to achieve some common goals. The focus is on novelty and high quality. The relationship between members is interdependent and demand exceptional levels of trust. iv. Learning Organization Learning organization facilitates learning and change in its employees rather than providing them strict directions. Continuous feedback of employees’ performance and abilities is taken to enhance their capacities. This organization is based on ideal learning environment and employees work together to continuously enhance their capacities to meet organizational goals. Managers provide a creative vision to employees to work, learn and adapt to change and to meet organizational challenges. b) Also, explain two strengths and two weaknesses of all these four organizational structures. (2*4=8 marks) Strengths Weakness Vertical Organization 1. Responsibilities and roles of employees are clearly defined which help in reducing ambiguity. 2. Decision making process is quick and employees are motivated to work hard. 1. Lack of autonomy in the organization hinders the sharing of new ideas and novelty from employees from the bottom. 2. It requires a lot of effort by top authorities to maintain the power; therefore, such organizations cannot work without strong leaders. Flat Organization 1. Employees are free to make decisions and share their novel ideas. 2. It is cost efficient structure as there are few or no layer of managers between executive and employees. 1. Decision making process can be slow and inaccurate without strict managerial supervision. 2. Role confusion and lack of job satisfaction is high in employees. Virtual Organization 1. It is cost-efficient and requires no strict hierarchical structure compared to traditional organization. 2. Employees have high job satisfaction and more job retention when they are able to work from their home. 1. Employees rarely communicate with each other face-to-face and require some policies to increase communication. 2. Any miscommunication and lack of trust between employees can threat the reputation of organization. Virtual Organization 1. It helps in transforming people to survive and excel rapidly. 2. Employees are fully awakened and engaged to strive their potentials. 1. Transforming to learning organization is time consuming as it requires investment of valuable time to detect errors and to take feedback. 2. Other organizational issues often hinder in learning process and organization requires appropriate training to know the steps of change and to solve problems.
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    zareenZ
    @mc170202623-Aysha-Fatima Idea Solution provided please check…
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    cyberianC
    Solution: Note: This is only solution making idea, not a complete solution. In the context of the removal of the Article 370 in Kashmir by India, to what extent the role played by the present Government of Pakistan in highlighting the issue at the national and international level is satisfactory? Discuss by giving your point of view. Pakistan has played clear and visible role in highlighting the issue of Article 370 in Kashmir. The Current Pakistani Government knocked all the doors of peace building stakeholders of human rights for the eight million Kashmiris who was put in open jail which is unprecedented. The Government of Pakistan dragged attention of the world leaders and international bodies towards “irresponsible, unilateral and irrational behavior” of the Indian leadership by escalating the matter on every forum. Pakistan has briefly defined that if the world remains silent, does not react and does not uphold its own laws then Pakistan will not be responsible. Pakistan will fight at every forum for Kashmir, with full force and will, not then be blamed anyway. The Government of Pakistan encourages to make the International world recognize the need to show their existence, due role and come forward for humanitarian ground to ensure stability for global peace. The current Government of Pakistan has tried outmost efforts for peace and bilateral talks with India to resolve the matters peacefully for strategic and diplomatic relations… Pakistan has shown the friendliest and peace loving gestures by returning the Indian captured pilot even on that move India took it for granted and retained their arrogance. India’s decision to revoke Article 370 and 35-A of the occupied region does not only affect the Kashmiris and Pakistanis but the repercussions will jolt the world. Pakistan approached US, British Premier, Turkey, China, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Afghanistan, and France and so on to highlight the matters. Pakistan is united on the Kashmir agenda. Indian government wants to change the region’s demographics by allowing non-Kashmiris, mostly Hindus, to buy land and settle there permanently. Suggest ways that how both countries can effectively solve Kashmir issue using diplomatic techniques without war? Using bilateral ties and trade. Using Mediation and with the help of the UN. Using a dialogue process instead of war option. Make An alliance of countries for this specific issue and put pressure. Resolution of this conflict between the two countries must be based on previous international commitments/resolutions. Leaders from both countries need to put their egos aside and help initiate the dialogue process. Talks between the stakeholders must be accessible to the public and the press.
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    zareenZ
    @zareen said in MCM310 Assignment 1 Solution and Discussion: Q 1: Your task is to write paragraph of 450-500 words on “India’s decision to revoke Article 370 in Kashmir” in your own words. (15 Marks) Note: Marking depends on quality of answer by a student. Solution 1: The solution was required in the following manner: India’s decision to revoke Having the broad range of knowledge by applying research skills about the constitutional provision of Article 370 that granted special status for the part of Kashmir. Analyzing and writing it down. Explaining it with good grasp of grammar. Point out the reaction and violence after revocation of Article 370 Conclusion with investigative approach. Proofreading all written material.
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