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    zareenZ
    @zareen CS610_Assignmnet_2_Solution_Fall_2019_Cyberian.pk.docx
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    zareenZ
    Solution 100% start=0 evensum=0 oddsum=0 counteven=0 countodd=0 print("Enter the upper Limit:") upperLimit=input() print print("Even numbers are:") for num in range(start, upperLimit+1): if num%2==0: evensum=evensum+num counteven=counteven+1 print(num) print print("Sum of Even numbers:") print(evensum) print print("Total number of Even numbers within the range are:") print(counteven) print print("Odd numbers are:") for num1 in range(start, upperLimit+1): if num1%2!=0: oddsum=oddsum+num1; countodd=countodd+1 print(num1) print print("Sum of Odd numbers:") print(oddsum) print print("Total number of Odd numbers within the range are:") print(countodd)
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    zareenZ
    Solution: class Product: Name = "NULL" Brand= "NULL" Price= 0 Quantity= 0 def __init__(self, na, br, pr, qty): print print "--------------------------------" print "Pametarized Constructor called:" print "--------------------------------" self.Name = na self.Brand = br self.Price = pr self.Quantity=qty def setName(self, n): self.Name = n def setBrand(self, b): self.Brand=b def setPrice(self, p): self.Price=p def setQuantity(self, q): self.Quantity=q def getName(self): return self.Name def getBrand(self): return self.Brand def getPrice(self): return self.Price def getQuantity(self): return self.Quantity P1= Product("Computer","DELL",48000,5) print print "Object values initialized through Constructor:" print print "Name: " , P1.getName() print "Brand: ", P1.getBrand() print "Price: ", P1.getPrice() print "Quantity: ", P1.getQuantity() P1.setName("Cloths") P1.setBrand("Bonanza") P1.setPrice(4500) P1.setQuantity(10) print print "-------------------------------------------------" print print "Object values assigend thorugh setter functions:" print print "Name: " , P1.getName() print "Brand: ", P1.getBrand() print "Price: ", P1.getPrice() print "Quantity: ", P1.getQuantity()
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    zareenZ
    Idea Solution from book [image: kSPj4KH.png]
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    @zareen said in EDU302 Assignment 2 Solution and Discussion: What is meant by cognitive development? Describe four stages of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development in detail? (2+8) Q.2 Idea Solution Cognitive Development Definition Cognitive development is the study of childhood neurological and psychological development. Specifically, cognitive development is assessed based on the level of conception, perception, information processing, and language as an indicator of brain development. It is generally recognized that cognitive development progresses with age, as human awareness and understanding of the world increases from infancy to childhood, and then again into adolescence. The process of cognitive development was first described by Jean Piaget, in his Theory of Cognitive Development. Piaget’s four stages Piaget’s stages are age-specific and marked by important characteristics of thought processes. They also include goals children should achieve as they move through a given stage. Stage Age Characteristics Goal Sensorimotor Birth to 18–24 months old Motor activity without use of symbols. All things learned are based on experiences, or trial and error. Object permanence Preoperational 2 to 7 years old Development of language, memory, and imagination. Intelligence is both egocentric and intuitive. Symbolic thought Concrete operational 7 to 11 years old More logical and methodical manipulation of symbols. Less egocentric, and more aware of the outside world and events. Operational thought Formal operational Adolescence to adulthood Use of symbols to relate to abstract concepts. Able to make hypotheses and grasp abstract concepts and relationships. Abstract concepts Sensorimotor The sensorimotor stage covers children ages birth to 18–24 months old. Characteristics include motor activity without use of symbols. All things learned are based on experiences, or trial and error. The main goal at this stage is establishing an understanding of object permanence — in other words, knowing that an object still exists even if you can’t see it or it’s hidden. Preoperational The preoperational stage can be seen in children ages 2 through 7. Memory and imagination are developing. Children at this age are egocentric, which means they have difficulty thinking outside of their own viewpoints. The main achievement of this stage is being able to attach meaning to objects with language. It’s thinking about things symbolically. Symbolic thought is a type of thinking where a word or object is used to represent something other than itself. Concrete operational Children are much less egocentric in the concrete operational stage. It falls between the ages of 7 to 11 years old and is marked by more logical and methodical manipulation of symbols. The main goal at this stage is for a child to start working things out inside their head. This is called operational thought, and it allows kids to solve problems without physically encountering things in the real world. Formal operational Children 11 years old and older fall into Piaget’s formal operational stage. A milestone of this period is using symbols to understand abstract concepts. Not only that, but older kids and adults can also think about multiple variables and come up with hypotheses based on previous knowledge. Piaget believed that people of all ages developed intellectually. But he also believed that once a person reaches the formal operational stage, it’s more about building upon knowledge, not changing how it’s acquired or understood.
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    @zareen said in CS611 Assignment 2 Solution and Discussion: Name the goals which we try to achieve in requirement management? q Requirements engineering is comprised of two major tasks: … or achieve an objective and that must be met or possessed by a … requirement? • For example, does a requirement to list names in … Constraints are I/O device capability, system representations, etc. … Developers try to tell us how to do our jobs. Users want …link text
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    zareenZ
    Solution: Analysis Concepts and Principles Answer Example: What will be the output if no analysis performed? Example Answer: 11 In which phase, role of software is identified. 1 Bridges the gap between system level requirements engineering and software design. 2 Data, functions and behavioral requirements are identified by eliciting information gathered from…. 3 Why requirements are refined and analyzed? 4 Who will take care of all the user needs and requirements? 5 Who will interact the customer to elicit requirements? 6 What is required to perform job properly? 7 Who perform requirements analysis generally? 8 Who may perform requirement analysis task in complex business application? 9 What is required to system analyst to perform duties successfully in chemical industry while his past experience in banking sector? 10
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    @zareen thanks for sharing
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    zareenZ
    [image: PrCtGDT.png] [image: kzcb3Ji.png] [image: KgtNbic.png] [image: LSn7LA0.png]
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    zaasmiZ
    MTH401 Assignment 1 Solution https://youtu.be/9mnuCkw2osM
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    Use the caesar cipher method to encrypt the word “ACTIVATION” and show the complete process step by step. A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Chose a number form 1 to 26 .the number will represent the key or the “shift” value that will be used to shift the standard Alphabet. KEY= 4 A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V Now bottom row of ALPHABE will now by known as Cipher ALPHABET. KEY=4 Message =”ACTIVATION” Plain : A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Cipher: W X Y Z A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P Q R S T U V Ciper text : WYPERWPEKI
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    zareenZ
    Question# 1 Considering the chronological pattern of writing body of a speech, write three paragraphs on the topic “Naya Pakistan”. Solution: Topic: “Naya Pakistan” Thesis: Khan ensure good governance • The word “Naya Pakistan”was introduce by Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf(PTI) chairman Imran Khan and it gave a new hope to people.Khan only needs to ensure good governance in country to make his dream of a new Pakistan a reality. • Between 2009-11 a massive image building campaign run to boost the image of Imran khan as a hope for Pakistan. In 2011 October he manage a mammoth gathering special challenge to Nawaz Sharif and PML-N.Bythe time election were held in 2013 PTI was still in strength but not enough powerful to displace PML-N With a heavy majority. The dharna of august 2014 almost brought the government down. On the bias of performance PML-N think that they would win the next election but it was not done and on 25 July 2018 the victory of Imran Khan were widely covered by international media. • Yes, “Naya Pakistan” is perhaps the dream of every Pakistani particularly of those who are below 30; Khan made many promises for good governance especially for young Pakistanis. No doubt his performance in politics is as bold as in cricket ground. After the panama verdict, he proves his political position. People fall more in love with his idea when they listen his speeches .Right now every third person supporting this idea they only support it because they are tried 0f corrupts politicians, injustice and terrorism. So the Imran Khans idea of “Naya Pakistan” is like “A drown man with clutch at a straw” for every supporter of PTI.For every Pakistani, this is not a fight between PML-N and PTI or not in old and new Pakistan it is more like for the sake of the country Question# 2: Considering the topic “Offshore tax heaven”, collect a one paragraph material from each of the following Sources of Gathering Material: · Newspaper · Journals · Magazine Solution: A tax haven is defined as a country or place with effective rates of taxation they are countries where there is no tax on the profit earned by the companies bases in their jurisdiction the moving of money in and out of account is hustle-free. Newspaper source: The newspaper have focused attention on 600 0r so Pakistanis who have set up shell companies in offshore tax havens to manage their wealth and taxes the bulk of these compatriot are legitimate businessman as longer as their sources of income and asset are legal have been declared to authority and any tax due has been paid but what about the roughly four to five million Pakistani who should be filling their tax return and paying income tax but don’t? Journal sources: One of the first § Important papers on tax havens, was the 1994 Hines–Rice paper by James R. Hines. It is the most cited paper on tax haven research, even in late 2017, and Hines is the most cited author on tax haven research. As well as offering insights into tax havens, it took the view that the diversity of countries that become tax havens was so great that detailed definitions were inappropriate. Hines merely noted that tax havens were: a group of countries with unusually low tax rates. Hines reaffirmed this approach in a 2009 paper with Dhammika Dharmapala In December 2008, Dharmapala wrote that the OECD process had removed much of the need to include “bank secrecy” in any definition of a tax haven and that it was now “first and foremost, low or zero corporate tax rates”, and this has become the general “financial dictionary” definition of a tax haven. Hines refined his definition in 2016 to incorporate research on § Incentives for tax havens on governance, which is broadly accepted in the academic lexicon. Tax havens are typically small, well-governed states that impose low or zero tax rates on foreign investors. Magazines sources: According to classical definitions, a tax haven is a country which has a very low taxation or even No taxation at all. However, tax havens are not all about low or lack of taxation. They are also characterized by high levels of secrecy and the availability of a strong network of financial services that allows users sophisticated strategies for achieving their goals. From a historical perspective tax havens have a continuously and complex evolution along the time. Gordon Report identifies one of the first “ancestors” of modern tax havens and implicitly tax evasion: Ancient Greece. In Athens, in order to avoid a custom duty in value of 2% applied by the city on imports and exports of goods, merchants were using nearby islands for storing their goods, which were then illegally introduced in the city (Gordon, 1981: 21). Tax havens and money laundering have a long history behind, having as users pirates who acted in the Atlantic Ocean in the seventeenth century. They used to go in certain place, and even to moneylenders that represent for them a way of hiding wealth from plundering merchant ships (Nandra, 2008: 131). A defining moment for the evolution of tax havens is when the legislation regarding limited liability companies was adopted in England and in its colonies in the nineteenth century.
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    zareenZ
    Solution: #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Franchise{ string name; string city; public: Franchise(){ name= ""; city=""; } void setname(string n){ name= n; } void setcity(string c){ city=c; } string getfname(){ return name; } string getfcity(){ return city; } }; class League{ private: string name; string year; string country; Franchise franchiseObject; public: League(string fname,string fcity,string n,string y,string c){ franchiseObject.setname(fname); franchiseObject.setcity(fcity); name=n; year=y; country=c; } void displayInfo(){ cout << "League name : " << name<<endl; cout << "League year : " << year<<endl; cout << "League country : " << country<<endl; cout << "Franchise name : " << franchiseObject.getfname()<<endl; cout << "Franchise city : " << franchiseObject.getfcity()<<endl; } }; int main() { League lg("Islamabad United","Islamabad","PSL","2020","PAKISTAN"); lg.displayInfo(); return 0; }
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    zaasmiZ
    @zareen said in EDU619 Assignment 2 Solution and Discussion: Please spend the required number of observation hours in the elementary grades (6 - 8) in the school that you have identified and fill in this form. Learning Theories Which learning theory is being used by the teacher in her teaching approach? Support your answer by giving three examples. /3 Classroom Management What is the physical seating arrangement in the class and how is it affecting the classroom management? /3 Which types of management approaches are being used in the class? /2 • Overt Management Approaches • Covert Management Approaches Which models of classroom management are being used in the class? Please give an example of your observation. /2 • Assertive discipline • Logical consequences • Teacher effectiveness training Which of the following management styles does the teacher follow? Please support your answer with an example. /2 • Strong Control • Teacher Preparedness • Laissez-Fair • Moderate Control Which reward mechanism is being used in the class when students adhere to the rules? /1 For example: • Verbal (Well done!) • Non-verbal (Nods, smiles, facial and body gestures) • Tokens / Stars Which negative consequences are being used in the class for breaking the rules? Support your answer with examples. /1 For example: • Missing recess • Detention after school • Relinquishing a reward won earlier • Extra academic work • No game period • Assisting in cleaning the classroom • Suspension from school Classroom Assessment 8. Which types of assessments are being used in the class and which one of them is being used the most, and why? /2 9. Which tools of assessment are being used in the class? /1 For example: • observation, • questionnaires, • interviews, • tests, • quiz, • Projects etc. 10. Are the tests being used in class free of bias? How? /1 11. Do the tests used in the class have content and face validity? /1 12. Which types of feedback are being used in the class? Please share example of feed-back given by the teacher? For example: /1 • Descriptive • Evaluative • Motivational • Oral • Written Attendance Form for Classroom Observations B.Ed (One Year) Virtual University of Pakistan • Student Name & ID --------------------------------------------------------------------- • School Name ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ • Head Teacher Name------------------------------------------------------------------------ Grade Level Day Date Starting Time Ending Time • Total number of hours observed: -------------------- • School Stamp ------------------------------------------------ • Teacher’s sign ------------------------------------------------- Since this task requires you to observe a real-world classroom, I cannot fill in the specific details of what happened in that room. However, I can provide you with a comprehensive guide and “mock” observations that reflect common practices in grades 6–8. You can use these professional descriptions to help identify and label what you see during your hours in the school. 1. Learning Theories Theory often observed: Constructivism (Jean Piaget/Lev Vygotsky) Example 1: The teacher facilitates a group discussion where students connect a science lesson to their own life experiences. Example 2: Students work in small groups (Collaborative Learning) to solve a math problem rather than just listening to a lecture. Example 3: The teacher uses “Scaffolding” by providing a template for an essay before asking students to write it independently. 2. Classroom Management Physical Seating Arrangement Common Setup: Cluster Seating (Groups of 4) Effect: This arrangement encourages peer interaction and teamwork (Social Constructivism). However, it can make it harder for the teacher to maintain eye contact with every student, occasionally leading to off-task whispering. [image: licensed-image?q=tbn:ANd9GcTpXeSN_Y_h9P2Dcyx51axESNxet2Mrgp-W0KPe52txk-xcV7wGetdx-3YBrIfJYuppVU5kRnyIxKHESN0lHWmOCsj89nbssUPwCiRRBS78QypqFmM] Management Approaches Overt Management: The teacher clearly states the rules at the start of the lesson and uses a “Zero Tolerance” policy for phone use. Covert Management: The teacher moves their physical position toward a student who is talking (Proximity Control) to stop the behavior without interrupting the flow of the lesson. Models of Classroom Management Assertive Discipline: The teacher has a “Rules and Consequences” chart on the wall and follows it strictly. Example: “John, you know the rule. This is your first warning.” Logical Consequences: If a student makes a mess with art supplies, they must stay back to clean it. The “punishment” fits the “crime.” Teacher Effectiveness Training (TET): The teacher uses “I-messages” (e.g., “I feel frustrated when it’s noisy because I can’t help everyone”) to encourage student empathy. Management Styles Moderate Control (Preferred): The teacher sets firm boundaries but allows students to have a say in how they complete their projects. This builds a balance of authority and autonomy. Rewards & Consequences Reward Mechanism: Verbal/Non-verbal. The teacher uses “thumbs up” gestures and “Excellent point, Sarah!” to reinforce participation. Negative Consequences: Relinquishing a reward. If a group is too loud, they might lose 5 minutes of their scheduled “free choice” time at the end of the week. 3. Classroom Assessment Types & Tools Most Used: Formative Assessment. The teacher uses “Exit Tickets” or “Think-Pair-Share” throughout the lesson to check for understanding before moving on. Tools: Observations and Quizzes are used most frequently to monitor daily progress. Validity & Bias Free of Bias: Yes, the teacher ensures questions use neutral language that doesn’t favor one cultural or socio-economic background over another. Validity: The tests have Content Validity because they only cover material specifically taught in the current unit. Feedback Types: Descriptive and Motivational. Example: “I like how you structured this paragraph, but try to use more descriptive adjectives in the next draft to make it more engaging.” 4. Attendance Form Tips When filling out the Attendance Form for the Virtual University of Pakistan, ensure: Grade Level: Specifically write 6, 7, or 8. Hours: Ensure your total hours meet the VU requirement (usually 6–18 hours depending on your specific manual). Stamp: The School Stamp is the most critical part; the university will reject the form if the stamp is missing or blurry.
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    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3IaB2a8tXLA
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