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    Q. 1 Varieties A B C 23 18 16 26 28 25 20 17 12 17 21 14 Test the hypothesis that the three verities of potatoes are not different in the yielding capabilities. Solution Q.1: [image: dzN6VLQ.png] [image: SO55ms8.png] [image: XZEmXSQ.png] [image: nfGQY25.png] Q.2 Solution: Complete the ANOVA table. Source of variation Sum of squares Degrees of freedom Mean square F B/W treatments 79.44 4 19.860 6.90 Error 57.600 20 2.88 Total 137.040 24
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    Idea Solution: [image: h3LnJj9.png]
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    Q.1 Solution: Camera Jib: Device that’s come into wide use in the last decade is the camera jib, essentially a long, highly maneuverable boom or crane-like device with a mounted camera at the end. You frequently see them in action swinging overhead at concerts and major events. A jib allows sweeping camera movements from ground level to nine meters (thirty feet) or more in the air. Camera Copters/ Drone Cameras Since remotely-controlled, helicopter-type drones can move into places inaccessible by individuals or fixed-wing aircraft, they can provide coverage of events otherwise unattainable. Plus, helicopter type drones can hover above news scenes for extended periods of time. The video signal is relayed (live) to a receiver on the ground. Q.2 Differentiate the below given camera movements while giving an example of each. ・ Dolly ・ Trucking Answer: We refer to moving (rolling) the entire camera toward or away from the subject as a dolly (“dolly in” for a close shot or “dolly back” for a wide-shot). A lateral move (rolling the camera to the left or right on the pedestal) is trucking, as in “truck left” or “truck right.” [image: AMUs1yx.png]
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    Solution: Many directors believe that “cast right and half of your job as a director is accomplished.” The statement at best is a half-truth. In this era of star-making projects, the politics of finance as often as a director’s vision dictate casting. The rise of powerful agents and casting directors have moved the pendulum in the direction of political rather than creative casting. My comments that follow are only relevant to creative casting (let me just say that directors must continue to fight to maintain their vision of the characters in their films). Casting is the first expression of the director’s idea before production begins—all the more reason why the director at this preproduction stage must have a clear director’s idea, which, at this stage, is based on an interpretation of the script. The casting process is first and foremost about the look of an actor. Whether or not the actor physically conforms to the director’s vision of the character is less important than a checklist about the qualities, both physical and behavioral, the actor projects. I would suggest that at this first meeting between the director and an actor and the reading that will follow that the director keep a list of criteria by which to assess the actor, such as: Professionalism Level of tension the actor brings to the situation 3. Energy Charisma All-time hit PTV classic Drama Waris had a character of Choudhary Hashmat played by veteran acot Mehboob Alam. Chaudhry Hashmat’, the protagonist of his famous play, Waris, who thought the common people were like trees who needed pruning to check them from rising above their apportioned height and growing to their natural stature, years before Karl Marx had stated that the source of people’s poverty was the rich man’s wealth.
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    Sample Solution: Different steps have followed while preparing advertisements. Keeping in view the strategies and steps you are required to design one advertisement campaign of any Clothing Brand and In this regard, you have to answer the following mentioned questions/steps. Briefing: Female clothing Brand title “In Style Clothing” It is ready to wear cloths especially for the working women. Objective: Its main objective is to facilitate the working women and also to retain the goodwill Research: Provided content and information must be well researched and have novelty in it. Target Audience: Working women Media Selection: Fashion films on brands outlets and social media campaigning. Setting the Budget It must be highly budgeted. Designing and Creating the Ad In this part of question the creativity of the advertisement will be judged. Place and Time of Ad It also depends when the advertisement will get the more attention and audience. Execution: In this portion provide all that steps and details which involve in the accomplishment of this ad.
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    Question 1. How human being experience sensation of pain, discuss with the help of Gate Control Theory. Answer: Sensation of pain: The skin is prone to the four type of sensations include; pressure, touch, pain and temperature. These senses are essential for the survival of human beings. It has found in the researches that significant number of people everyday visits the physician or health care provider with the complaint of pain. It includes all types of pain like, migraine, heart pain, arthritis, and back pain etc. it has found that not the whole body has same pain receptors, these receptors are not distributed evenly throughout the body some areas like fingertips are more sensitive, rather others like center of the back is not. The experience of pain is also studied in the context of salutations as well. It has found that the situation and social and cultural context of the pain also impacts on the experience of pain. The examples of differences in the perceptual differences in the pain due to social and cultural situations include; labor pain and in comparison, to this any other pain like back pain. The Gate Control Theory has also elaborated the role of situation, perception and other contexts in the experience of pain. Gate control theory The theory has stated that there are certain nerve receptors which leads to the certain areas of the brain, associated with pain. These receptors are activated in result of any injury or harm occurred and “gate” of the brain is opened in response to this. In this manner, we experience the sensation of pain. Additionally, theory also identifies another kind of neural receptors which, in result of stimulation, close the ‘gate’ of pain in the brain. It reduces the experience of pain. There are two ways of shutting the gate of pain in the brain. First way is that other impulses take over to the extend that brain get distracted and that certain pain sensation does not remain to the attention of the individual anymore and these gates are shutdown. The alternative stimulus can be non-painful like rubbing the skin around the pain, or it could be painful as well like scratching in the result of itching which gives relief from itching but scratching itself is categorized as a form of pain. The second factor which is attributed as cause the gate of pain to be shutdown includes psychological factors. There are three psychological factors which impacts the pain or close the gate of pain receptors; current emotions, previous experiences, and interpretation of the event by the individual. During the experience of these three psychological factors, brain may close the gate of pain by sending the message to the injured area through spinal cord. It causes reduction or relief from the pain. The example of such situation includes; soldiers do not feel pain when they fighting for a major and big cause. Question 2. What are the cultural differences in the experience of pain? Logically discuss with reference to Eastern & Western culture. Answer: Cultural differences in pain The gate-control theory explains the cultural difference as well in the experience of pain. The same psychological factors play the role in the cultural context as well. It has seen that many culturally acceptable and especially sacred practices, involves pain but have high moral values behind it, minimize the pain of people. There are many examples in this regard in the various cultures like acupuncture prevails in the Chinese culture, in which micro size needles are poked in the body of individual to treat the biological issues, in the Muslim culture ‘hajama’ is another example. The theory explains that such experiences of pain which are associated with cultural rituals, close the gateway of pain due to three main psychological factors like the current emotions include pleasant feeling of doing something good, previous belief about this is having a good cause of doing the practice and it will benefit the individual, and interpretation of the current event is also positive. Eastern culture In the eastern culture there are many examples which show that people tend to adopt painful rituals and their pain experience minimizes due to the cultural context. Ashura is an example found in the eastern culture in which people does self-flagellation. This experience does not bring pain to them to that extend it could have brought otherwise. Pakistani culture presents this example prevalent in the society. It can be witnessed in the Islamic month ‘Muharam’ (especially, 9th and 10th of this month). Finger cutting as part of the mourning is another example of cultural experience of pain. It has found in the ‘Western New Guinea province of Indonesia’ a tribe named Dani has a unique way of mourning over the loss of their loved ones. As part of their culture, it is considered as customary to cut the women’s top half of the finger. It happened during the funeral ceremony or as a part of the ceremony. Western culture Western culture also has some rituals or cultural traditions which are painful but still those are being practiced as part of the cultural norm or ritual and experience of pain is not similar to the pain otherwise. Bull fighting is one of the examples of experience of pain. In this game there are many chances of people to get injured and harmed but this pain is not considered as usual pain experience. The second example of this kind is Spanish bull running festival. In this festival people are aware of the harm and danger involve in this game but in spite of this, millions of people take part of this game and every year many people get injured badly and some even loss their lives. These examples have shown that gate control theory of pain describes the psychological factors and cultural aspects which close the gate of pain, in fact prevails globally. People tend to experience less or no pain in the cultural rituals as compare to the usual situations, and culture also plays an important role in changing the experience of pain.
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    Q. 1 Answer: Scenario Type of Anxiety (1*3) Justification (4*3) Ijaz lost his way when he was crossing a Desert. While finding the right direction, a snake showed in front of him. Ijaz got scared and started running in an opposite direction. Realistic Anxiety This type of anxiety occurs when the threat or danger present is real. The person may have a difficulty handling the situation that generates the anxiety. For e.g., facing a bear in a jungle. Amir wants to talk to his parents about letting him buy a new mobile phone. However, he is never able to talk to them because he is afraid that his parents might get angry. Neurotic Anxiety In this type of anxiety, the Id is likely to show up in the conscious and ego would not longer be able to control it. The individual realizes that once Id is on the surface, social rejection is the result. Shahid delivers food from the restaurant to the home. One day when he was very hungry, he wanted to eat some of the food, which he was delivering. However, he did not as he knew that it is morally wrong. Moral Anxiety In this type of anxiety, when the threat of being punished is present, the individual faces anxiety. The Id of the individual is expressing itself fully while the superego expresses shame or guilt. Q2. Describe any two techniques of Psychoanalysis proposed by Freud. (2.5+2.5) Student may describe any two of the following. Answer: 1. Free Association: The purpose of free association is to simply collect all the accounts of the client. The client is asked to lie on the couch and the therapist sits behind. The client is asked to speak without censoring anything uninterruptedly. Through this, the thoughts of the unconscious slips in to the conscious. 2. Dream Analysis: Dreams have been heavily emphasized in psychoanalysis. Freud viewed that dreams are representations of the Id impulses. A therapist interprets the dream by relating it to various unconscious desires and wishes. 3. Transference: Transference is of two types: positive and negative. Positive transference is when the client relates positively to any positive person in his/her life (therapist, friend). While negative is when the therapists starts relating to the client. 4. Freudian Slip: Freudian slip is a concept in which the individual wanted to say something but says something else. Freud suggested that these slips are the actual truth that people hold inside themselves. These truths are in the unconscious but slip sometimes in the conscious and are delivered. 5. Humor: Freud has heavily emphasized on sex and death in his theory. He has related Humor to these two factors as well. Humor is an essential part of your psyche and one cannot understand psyche without realizing the humor the person relates to the most.
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